Which of the following is necessary for the process of photosynthesis?

Sunlight and chlorophyll are essential components in the photosynthesis process. Photosynthesis primarily occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, where chlorophyll, the green pigment, plays a crucial role in absorbing sunlight.

When chlorophyll captures sunlight, it initiates a series of chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil into glucose (a type of sugar) and oxygen. This glucose serves as energy for the plant, while oxygen is released as a byproduct, contributing to the atmosphere.

While water is indeed necessary for photosynthesis, the inclusion of the term "chlorophyll" alongside "sunlight" pinpoint the specific elements vital for capturing light energy necessary for the process, making this choice the most comprehensive answer. The other options do not encompass the fundamental components required for photosynthesis as effectively as sunlight and chlorophyll do.