Which organ prevents food from entering the windpipe during swallowing?

The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage located at the root of the tongue that plays a crucial role during the swallowing process. When you swallow, the epiglottis closes over the windpipe (trachea) to prevent food and liquid from entering the airway. This action is vital because it directs the food into the esophagus, which carries it down to the stomach. By blocking the windpipe, the epiglottis helps to prevent choking and ensures that the respiratory tract remains clear of food particles.

In contrast, the trachea is the passage that carries air to and from the lungs, and while it is essential for respiration, it does not have a protective function during swallowing. The esophagus is responsible for transporting the swallowed food to the stomach, but it does not prevent food from entering the windpipe. The pharynx is an area that serves as a pathway for both food and air, but it is the epiglottis that specifically acts to seal off the trachea during swallowing.